Optotrak Certus by NDI (Canada) is an optical localization system based on active markers technology (InfraRed Emitting Diodes - IRED). The system is made of:

• one position sensor;
• one System Control Unit (SCU);
• active makers.

Communication with the host PC is achieved via Ethernet, PCI or USB. The NDI Optotrak Certus Position Sensor is factory calibrated, optimizing accuracy in a volume of about 45 m3 with a maximum distance of 7.0 m from the position sensor. At an optimal measuring distance of 2.25 m, the system guarantees: resolution: 0.01 mm, 3D Accuracy: 0.15 mm. The maximum update rate is 4600 Hz but the actual frame rate depends on the number of markers connected to the system: Real-time freq. per marker = 4600/(N+1.3), where N = number of markers. The System Control Unit can manage up to 512 markers providing the host PC with the 3D position of each marker or with the position and the orientation of a set of at least 3 markers previously defined as a rigid body.It is a 6 DoFs surgical robot for neurosurgery. It has an embedded optical localizer system with passive markers for autonomous targeting.