A Digital Twin (DT) is a virtual representation of a physical system, called a Physical Twin, to which it is coupled via a continuous, two-way flow of data. In the context of Medical Cyber-Physical Systems, DTs can simulate physical devices but also humans.

For these systems, the SAFEST (truSt Assurance of digital twins For mEdical cyber-phySical sysTems) project aims to improve DT-based methodologies and tools.

SAFEST identifies and focuses on two main objectives:

• taming the complexity caused by the heterogeneity of DT components;
• increasing the level of confidence in the results and indications from a DT, despite modelling approximations and uncertainties caused by incomplete or inaccurate data collected in the field.